Projects

Turnkey Completion Riser Weak Link Joint Design and Delivery

2H designed and delivered a complex and critical custom hardware solution as an enhanced safety mechanism for an operational completion riser system.

Offshore riser weak link joint

Background 

An operator planning a first-of-its-kind campaign using a completion riser system wanted to enhance the safety of its operations and identified a ‘weak link’ joint as its preferred solution.  

2H was contracted to design and deliver the turnkey hardware which included initial concept development, detailed design, hardware fabrication, qualification testing and delivery of the custom weak link joint. 

Concept Design  

As defined in API Standard 17G, a weak link joint, or safety joint, can be used to facilitate the controlled failure of the riser string to prevent damage to the primary well barriers which may occur due to excessive riser top tension from accidental loading scenarios.  

In principle, adding a weak link safety joint to a riser system sounds straightforward, however, the design parameters needed for a deep water 15 ksi rated completion riser made this a complex piece of equipment to develop. Equipment in the offshore industry is typically designed with a margin to be stronger than the specified rating and loading conditions, whereas a weak link joint must be strong enough to accommodate expected normal, extreme, and certain accidental loading conditions, but weak enough to fail at a specified load. 

2H designed a custom joint made up of two flanged spool sections connected with twelve specially designed fasteners that are connected via a subsea ROV-operated connector.  

While the weak link joint is designed to fail at a specific loading condition through the design of the specially designed fasteners, it also incorporates the ability to switch into a strong mode configuration using an ROV-operated subsea connector. This allows for additional riser operations that may be hampered by the weak mode configuration. Included in the system is a customer-designed metal-to-metal seal rated to 15 ksi. Incorporating the seal into the system required special attention to the effects of internal and external fluid pressure when evaluating the failure loading condition.

Mechanical Testing of Weak Link Bolt Material

Material Specification and Testing

To have the specially designed fasteners fail at the desired break load, control of the fastener material properties was essential. This required careful selection of the raw material concerning material chemistry and mechanical properties combined with mechanical tensile to acquire the desired yield and tensile properties of the studs. ASTM A370 tensile samples with a half-inch diameter were used for mechanical testing during fabrication, and multiple full-scale tensile tests using the 2H-designed weak link specialty  stud geometry were performed. All tensile testing was performed on a significant sample size, to validate that the material could achieve a target break load and to determine a probability level. All information acquired from testing was used as input into the analytical models to finalise the design of the specialty stud to ensure it fails at the desired loading considering all twelve studs in the weak link connection.

Weak Link External Load Testing Qualification

Qualification Testing

To ensure the design would perform as expected, 2H conducted an extensive qualification testing programme. This included the fabrication of a complete full-scale weak link joint which was fitted with strain gauges to monitor the response during testing. Multiple combined load cycles including pressure, tension and bending representing normal, extreme, and accidental loading conditions were applied to the test joint until a final load was applied to achieve weak link activation. During testing, the weak link joint response under load was as predicted by FEA methods and the actual failure load of the twelve fasteners was within 1% of the analytical model prediction, a result that determined the design to be suitable for its intended purpose.

Weak Link Delivery 

Through a combination of expertise in subsea risers, component design, materials engineering, procurement, manufacturing management and qualification testing, we successfully delivered two weak link joints with strong mode and weak mode configurations to our client. 

The project was executed within two years which included phases for concept design, component design, extensive material testing, analysis, and qualification testing.

Key Personnel
John Tapley

Senior Principal Engineer, US

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Daniel Reagan

Principal Engineer

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